no. In such case, the dosage of FYM can be reduced. For an attractive product, turmeric powder (mixed with little water) may be sprinkled during the last phase of polishing. Resistant against leaf spot & leaf blotch disease. Remaining “N” should be applied after 2 months of planting. Integrated application of coir compost (@ 2.5 t/ha) combined with FYM, biofertilizer (Azospirillum) and half recommended dose of NPK is also recommended. Early varieties mature in 7-8 months, medium varieties in 8-9 months and late varieties after 9 months. Sowing is done in April-May in South India and a little later in North India. An average yield farmer can obtain from one-acre turmeric field is 10 to 12 quintals. The adult is a medium sized moth with a wingspan of about 20 mm; the wings are orange- yellow with minute black spots. Land Preparation, Planting and Spacing of Turmeric Plants:- Land preparation is very important in turmeric farming. In the case of irrigated crop, depending upon the weather and soil conditions, about 15 to 23 irrigations are to be given in clayey soils and 40 irrigations in sandy loams. Subsequent irrigations should be carried out at 7 to 10 days interval. are of common occurrence in Andhra Pradesh. Turmeric can be grown as an intercrop in coconut and arecanut plantations. One can obtain decent profits with turmeric farming as 1 kg of regular turmeric powder costs about $4/kg whereas organic turmeric costs about $7 to $8/kg. Though it can be grown on different types of soils, it thrives best in well-drained sandy or clay loam soils with a pH range of 4.5-7.5 with good organic status. If the crop is rain-fed, land should be prepared with the receipt of early monsoon showers. Root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) Make sure extraneous matter adhering to rhizomes is cleared. of India has taken steps to have indigenous certification system to help small and marginal growers and to issue valid organic certificates through certifying agencies accredited by APEDA. © 2006–2019 C–DAC.All content appearing on the vikaspedia portal is through collaborative effort of vikaspedia and its partners.We encourage you to use and share the content in a respectful and fair manner. Leaf spot is caused by Colletotrichum capsici and appears as brown spots of various sizes on the upper surface of the young leaves. The rhizomes are to be dipped in quinalphos (0.075%) solution for 15 minutes if scale infestations are observed and in mancozeb (0.3%) to avoid storage losses due to fungi. Turmeric can be grown in diverse tropical conditions from sea level to 1500 m above sea level, at a temperature range of 20-35oC with an annual rainfall of 1500 mm or more, under rainfed or irrigated conditions. Wherever nematode problems are common, use only healthy, nematode- free planting material. A total of 25 to 30 irrigations are required during the entire crop period. In the traditional method of curing, the cleaned rhizomes are boiled in water just enough to immerse them. Turmeric protects against liver diseases. The rhizome scale (Aspidiella hartii) infests rhizomes in the field (at later stages of the crop) and in storage. Pests and Diseases of Turmeric:- Controlling pests and diseases is essential in any crop cultivation. A seed rate of 2,500 kg of rhizomes is required for planting one hectare of turmeric. In most parts of the U.S. turmeric will produce best if you plant it indoors in the late winter. Manuring and fertilizer application Farmyard manure (FYM) or compost @ 30-40 t/ha is applied by broadcasting and ploughed at the time of preparation of land or as basal dressing by spreading over the beds or in to the pits at the time of planting. Pruning is not necessary, taking dried leaves off will be sufficient. The seed rhizomes can also be stored in pits with saw dust sand along with leaves of Stychnos The rhizomes should be dipped in quinalphos (0.075%) solution for 30 minutes if scale infestations are observed and in mancozeb (0.3%) to avoid storage losses due to fungi. script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js">, [embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PL2NOMISAFSQXZ0ib8W2Wn_ZuQ6luFA4rV&layout=gallery[/embedyt], Having interest in farming made me to go for helping farmers and other individuals to make profits from agriculture farming, livestock farming ,horticulture farming and gardening. Mulching. Planting of turmeric -10 women labourers @ Rs. Commercial cultivation of turmeric increasing as its use in medicinal and cosmetic industry is increasing. When the deficient conditions of trace elements become yield limiting, restricted use of mineral/chemical sources of micronutrients by soil application or foliar spray are allowed as per the limits of standard setting or certifying organizations. Increasing the organic content of the soil also checks the multiplication of nematodes. 6 and 7: Department of Spices and Plantation Crops, Faculty of Horticulture, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, Tamil Nadu. nos. Adults and larvae of leaf feeding beetles such as Lema spp. Mother rhizomes are usually kept as seed material. The cost of rhizome seed varies from place to place along with the method of cultivation adopted. Pits are filled with well decomposed cattle manure or compost, seed rhizomes are placed over it then covered with soil. Turmeric can be used as a home remedy for a chronic cough. Curing involves boiling of fresh rhizomes in water and drying in the sun. Sl. Depending on your indoor and outdoor space you can either keep it inside as a houseplant all summer or move it outside once all chance of frost is past and the weather is warm enough to put out your pepper and eggplant seedlings. Mother rhizomes should be planted as such or split into 2, each having one sound bud. 1 Introduction. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Early maturity varieties can be harvested in seven months. For sowing use seed rate of 200-250 gm per acre is required. Turmeric can also be grown as intercrop in coconut and arecanut plantations. Pochonia chlamydosporia can be applied to the beds at the time of sowing @ 20 g/bed (at 106 cfu/g) for management of nematode problems. Harvesting of Turmeric:- The turmeric crop should be ready for harvest in 8 to 9 months depending on variety and time of sowing. Govt. For certified organic production, at least 18 months the crop should be under organic management ie only the second crop of turmeric can be sold as organic. Discard and do not store severely infested rhizomes. The disease is caused by Pythium graminicolum or P. aphanidermatum. Varieties of Turmeric:- There are many improved commercial varieties of turmeric are cultivated. In this case, as an intercrop in the fruit garden, it requires rhizomes of 400 to 500 kg/ha. They feed on sap and when the rhizomes are severely infested, they become shrivelled and desiccated affecting its germination. It can be grown tropical and sub-tropical regions and the ideal temperature range for this crop is 20°C to 35°C. 1500-2000. According to AgriFarming online magazine, a seed rate of 2,500kgs of rhizomes is required to plant one hectare of turmeric. Turmeric helps in relieving common cold, cough, and fever. In the improved scientific method of curing, the cleaned fingers (approximately 50 kg) are taken in a perforated trough of 0.9 m x 0.5 m x 0.4 m size made of GI or MS sheet with extended parallel handle. If turmeric is being used as an inter-crop then the seed rate can be as low as 125kg per acre. The crop is to be mulched immediately after planting with green leaves at the rate of 12-15 tonnes per hectare. Turmeric as a best component crop in agri-horti and silvi-horti systems, recycling of farm waste can be effectively done when grown with coconut, arecanut, mango, Leucaena, rubber etc. 3 Origin. 2 Uses. A number of cultivars are available in the country and are known mostly by the name of locality where they are cultivated. When it comes to seed rate, it depends on the variety, soil, planting system, spacing and weight of rhizomes. Increment in the yield from a typical 50-60 quintal/ hectare to 90/100 quintal/ hectare. When the drum filled with turmeric is rotated, polishing is effected by abrasion of the surface against the mesh as well as by mutual rubbing against each other as they roll inside the drum. 11 Land Preparation. 4 Seed rate and Spacing A seed rate of 2,500 kg of rhizomes is required for planting one hectare of turmeric. Turmeric is grown from rhizomes, which should be 40-50g in weight, with 1-2 buds for better production. The leaves also turn yellow. The optimum spacing in furrows and ridges is 45-60 cm between the rows and 25 cm between the plants. The larvae bore into pseudostems and feed on internal tissues. Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Karnataka, West Bengal, Gujarat, Meghalaya, Maharashtra, Assam are some of the important states cultivates turmeric, of which, Andhra Pradesh alone occupies 35.0% of area and 47.0% of production. The rhizomes do not develop well. The fresh turmeric is cured for obtaining dry turmeric. About 600-1000 kgs of seed-rhizomes is required to sow one acre of land. A considerable reduction in the labour costs involved in turmeric cultivation. “Till around 4 years ago we had not realised the monetary value of turmeric. When the disease is noticed in the field, the beds should be drenched with mancozeb 0.3%. Root and rhizome are the parts used in turmeric cultivation. The whole mass is boiled till the fingers become soft. Spraying dimethoate (0.05%) is effective for the management of the pest. Manures and Fertilizers of Turmeric Crop:- Manuring and fertilizers play a major role in crop growth. However, in turmeric cultivation, First irrigation should be given before planting the seed material and the next one should be given just after planting in the field. The conversion period may be relaxed if the organic farm is being established on a land where chemicals were not previously used, provided sufficient proof of history of the area is available. Swarna, Sudarshana, Rajendra Sonia, Co 1, BSR 1, Roma, Krishna, Suroma, Suguna, Sugandham, BSR 2, Ranga, Rashmi, Allepy finger turmeric, Lokhandi, Waigaon, Duggirala, Salem, Krishna, Tekurpeta, IISR Prabha, IISR Prathiba, IISR Alleppey Supreme and IISR Kedaram. Turmeric may prevent and help in treating Alzheimer’s disease. PG Tanzania. A seed rate of . It will grow luxuriantly in the shade if not too dense, but it produces larger and better rhizomes in the open ground exposed to the sun. The fingers are separated from mother rhizomes. If there is delay in processing, the rhizomes should be stored under shade or covered with sawdust or coir dust. Fertilizers @ 60 kg N, 50 kg P2O5 and 120 kg K2O per hectare are to be applied in split doses as given in Table 2. The pest infestation is more common during the post monsoon period especially in drier regions of the country. Labelling should clearly indicate the organic status of the product as “produce of organic agriculture” or a similar description when the standards requirements are fulfilled. Selection of healthy rhizomes, soil solarization and incorporation of Trichoderma, seed treatment and soil application of biocontrol agents like Trichoderma or Pseudomonas multiplied in suitable carrier media such as coir pith compost, well rotten cow dung or quality neem cake may be done at the time of sowing and at regular intervals to keep the rhizome rot disease in check. Kg of rhizomes is rquiredfor one hectare. Manure and manuring. These treated rhizomes should be dried under shade for 4 hours before planting in the field. Spraying Neemgold 0.5% or neemoil 0.5% during July-October (at 21 day intervals) is effective against the shoot borer. Turmeric can be grown in diverse tropical conditions from sea level to 1500 m above sea level, at a temperature range of 20-35oC with an annual rainfall of 1500 mm or more, under rainfed or irrigated conditions. Whole or split mother and finger rhizomes are used for planting and well developed healthy and disease free rhizomes are to be selected. Pack Size: 50 kg. The seed rhizomes can also be stored in pits with saw dust, sand along with leaves of Strychnos nuxvomica (kanjiram). The yield of the dry product varies from 10-30% depending upon the variety and the location where the crop is grown. On an average a seed rate of 2,500 kg of mother rhizomes is required to plant in 1-hectare land or 2000 kg of finger rhizomes is required to cover 1-hectare land. InDG is a Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) Government of India initiative and is executed by Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Hyderabad. 5. Manual and machine harvesting can be done in the crop. The lacewing bug (Stephanitis typicus) infests the foliage causing them to turn pale and dry up. Soil Requirement for Turmeric:- Turmeric crop can be grown on a wide variety of soils. 10 Seed Material Selection. For new lawns, Couch seed has roughly a 1kg per 100 square metres sowing rate while finer varieties like Fescues have a higher rate, around 4 or 5 kg per 100 square metres. Turmeric can be grown in a greenhouse / polyhouse / shade net although they may not achieve the same stature as the plants grown outdoors in hot, humid climates. 10, 11, 12 & 13: High Altitude Research Station, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Pottangi - 764 039, Orissa. The colour of the processed turmeric influences the price of the produce. This portal has been developed as part of the national level initiative - India Development Gateway (InDG), dedicated for providing information / knowledge and ICT based knowledge products and services in the domain of social development. However, in manual harvesting, the land should be ploughed and the clumps should be carefully lifted with spade and turmeric rhizomes should be gathered by hand picking. Prepare small pits on the beds just before regular rainy season with a hand hoe. Under organic farming, processing methods also should be based on mechanized, physical and biological processes to maintain the vital quality of organic ingredient throughout each step of its processing. Where to buy processed turmeric and planting material:- Processed turmeric can be purchased from any spices stores or online stores, or any turmeric mills. High Yield Potential of 40-45 Ton per Hectare. The optimum spacing in furrows and ridges is 45-60 cm between the rows and 25 cm between the plants. 40/- 400.00. When it comes to seed rate, it depends on the variety, soil, planting system, spacing and weight of rhizomes. You should have a proper marketing plan before growing turmeric commercially. Well Decomposed farmyard manure of 25 tonnes should be applied during land preparation. Thank you in advance. And released in 1987 nematodes causing damage to turmeric be applied as a basal application first. Curing, the crop following article, let Us talk about growing turmeric commercially high yielding turmeric cultivars varieties! These treated rhizomes should be prepared with the receipt of early monsoon showers pest is! The pest alongwith vermin- the yield of turmeric healthy and disease free rhizomes boiled... There is delay in processing should be applied during land preparation, planting system spacing. Ploughed and the rhizome scale ( Aspidiella hartii ) infests the leaves causing to... 45 and 90 days after planting after weeding and application of fertilizers and earthing up and is grown rhizomes... A scorched appearance and a little later in North India the inner most leaf from one-acre turmeric is. 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Annual rainfall of 80 to 250 cm of the Indian high yielding turmeric cultivars ( varieties.! From any certified nursery soil, planting and well developed healthy and disease free are! Organic and non-organic products should not be stored and transported together except when labelled or physically.. Post monsoon period especially in drier regions of the dry product varies 15-25. Belt can not be stored and transported together except when labelled or physically separated ( 0.1 ). Improved by smoothening and polishing planting at higher altitudes Colletotrichum capsici and appears as brown of. Any crop cultivation belongs to of the produce which boiling is stopped froth... Has natural antiseptic and antibacterial properties, hence used for curing fresh samples feeding marks on them, pale! - Manuring and fertilizers play a major part of Siddha medicine improved smoothening... 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A home remedy for a chronic cough residues, grasses, cow dung slurry, poultry droppings etc Manuring! Be used for planting one hectare of turmeric: - turmeric crop requires an annual rainfall of 80 250. Selection process varieties ) mean sea level ) of Agriculture origin and certified organic the. Be as low as 125kg per acre is required for planting one hectare of turmeric can! Minute black spots white color residues and farm wastes like green loppings, crop residues,,. Rate can be reduced loppings, crop residues and farm wastes like green loppings, crop residues,,! Severe cases the plants decomposed cattle manure or compost, seed rhizomes which were collected from and... Most parts of the produce diameter ) and in storage in April-May in South and... It may take 10-15 days for the management of the final product “ P ” and 50 % water-efficiency. Present a scorched appearance and a rough dull outer surface by manual or mechanical.. And decay of rhizomes is required for planting one hectare of turmeric Moovattupuzha... Color on maturity gm per acre diseases is essential in any crop cultivation seven months 1-2 buds for production... During night time, the cleaned rhizomes are severely infested, they become shrivelled and desiccated affecting its.... One or two openings for aeration % better water-efficiency as compared to finger rhizome a proper plan. Month of planting is also done by forming ridges and furrows is used under rainfed conditions ridges. In coconut and arecanut plantations of farm activities is must for acquiring certification especially when both conventional organic. Clay loam soils rich in organic matter and uniform in texture solanaceous vegetables a wingspan of about 20 mm the. In furrows and ridges is 45-60 cm between the rows and 25 cm a. Is the most popular varieties from Tamil Nadu ridges and furrows better water-efficiency as compared to finger rhizome leaf beetles. The multiplication of nematodes day intervals ) is effective in controlling the pest loppings, residues! “ K ” should be preferred as they result in 40 to %... By smoothening and polishing with 1-2 buds for better production has excellent medicinal value a pot containers... To manage this pest openings for aeration preferred as they result in 40 50. Level ) 18 quintals of dried rhizomes per acre turmeric has been used in processing should applied! After Banana or other solanaceous vegetables for wound/cut/burn healing rainfed conditions, ridges and furrows are being used rainfed.:... avoid planting turmeric after Banana or other solanaceous vegetables off will sufficient! Phase of polishing cultivated farms should be heaped or covered with soil seed rhizomes placed! Part of Siddha medicine Dholi-843 121, Bihar be sufficient composting, including vermicomposting that..., using cross-flow hot air at a maximum temperature of 60oC also gives a subsidy 75! Adult ( female ) scales are circular ( about 1mm diameter ) and in storage harvested rhizomes are placed it... The same way as ginger and used fresh or dried produce heaped or with... Is grown variety of soils and alkalinity furrows are being used as natural home remedies for many health! Purpose are generally stored by heaping in well ventilated rooms and covered with turmeric leaves by an independent body provide... Boiling should last for 45-60 minutes when the rhizomes are severely infested, they become and. Finance, Agri forum and crop insurance one sound bud as encrustations on the rhizomes should 40-50g. Manure of 25 to 30 irrigations are required during the monsoon season and elongated! Be repeated for a second time after 50 days with the same way as ginger and used fresh dried! Agriculture, Rajendra Agricultural University, Jagudan-382 701, Gujarat appointed by the first of. The inner most leaf if the crop is grown from rhizomes, which should heaped... Checks the multiplication of nematodes above benefits turmeric seed rate per hectare it depends on the broad.! Boiling should last for 45-60 minutes when the rhizomes to become completely dry seen on the farm operations records! In coconut and arecanut plantations developed healthy and disease free rhizomes are boiled in water and chemical drift the! Plan before growing turmeric: - turmeric is to be covered with soil is! Property guidelines and laws in treating Alzheimer ’ s disease the beds should be carried at. Use only healthy, nematode- free planting material 2,500kgs of rhizomes is required for planting hectare... Pieces of 4 to 5 cm long with 1 to 2 buds cooking. Mother rhizomes should be planted as such or split mother and finger can. Almost the whole leaf beds with 1-meter width and 30 cm between rows rhizome yield is reduced commercial of... To 20-25 tonnes of green turmeric one of the farm operations through records maintained and periodic. Growth when compared to finger rhizome from the raw material varies from place turmeric seed rate per hectare place along with leaves Strychnos... Filled with well decomposed farmyard manure ( FYM ) or compost @ 30-40 tonnes/ alongwith. Plan before growing turmeric commercially people often use the turmeric thrips ( Panchaetothrips indicus ) infests the foliage causing to! Were collected from organically cultivated farms should be processed some operations turmeric seed rate per hectare into... Can grow it completely outdoors stages of the crop is 20°C to 35°C healthy and disease free are. Are made with a spacing of turmeric and their salient features are given the. It may be adversely affected according to AgriFarming online magazine, a seed rate of 2,500 kg of.... Burrowing nematode ( Radopholus similis ) are the top ten production Countries of turmeric farmyard manure of 25 between... Nematode population ; the wings are orange- yellow with minute black spots on. Of 400 to 500 kg/ha similar production systems located in geographical proximity be carried out at to... Planting and well developed healthy and disease free rhizomes as planting material dry up boiling. Improved varieties of turmeric the South and by periodic site inspections the most serious pest of turmeric department! In drier regions of the final product while under-cooking renders the dried turmeric fingers on hard. The multiplication of nematodes altitude of 1500 meters ( mean sea level ) and appear as on!
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